What entities in the cytosol are responsible for the storage of food, water, and waste in cells?

Vacuoles and vesicles are crucial components within the cytosol of cells that play specific roles in the storage and transport of substances. Vacuoles are larger organelles that primarily function to store nutrients, waste products, and even water in plant cells, helping to maintain turgor pressure and overall cellular structure. In contrast, vesicles are smaller, membrane-bound structures that can transport a variety of materials, including proteins and lipids, within the cell and to the cell membrane for secretion or cell surface supply.

The role of vacuoles and vesicles in maintaining cellular homeostasis is vital, as they facilitate the storage and management of essential substances that support cell function and health. This distinction highlights their importance compared to other cellular components, which may not specialize in storage and transport in the same way.