What percentage of the cell's functions is carried out by proteins?

Proteins are essential biomolecules that perform a vast array of functions within cells, constituting a significant portion of cellular activity. In fact, it is estimated that proteins are involved in approximately 90% of the cell's functions. This includes a variety of roles such as catalyzing biochemical reactions as enzymes, providing structural support, facilitating communication and transportation within and between cells, and regulating processes such as cell growth and division.

The diverse functionalities of proteins stem from their complex structures and the unique properties imparted by their amino acid sequences. These characteristics allow proteins to interact specifically and effectively with other molecules, enabling them to carry out critical tasks that sustain cellular life.

While the other percentages might seem plausible, they underestimate the fundamental role that proteins play in cellular processes. A 90% involvement reflects the comprehensive nature of protein functions, emphasizing their centrality to biological systems across various organisms. Thus, recognizing that proteins are responsible for such a high percentage of cellular functions highlights their importance in any nutrition or biological training context.