Which of the following vitamins are essential for energy metabolism of fats, proteins, carbs, and alcohols?

The vitamins essential for energy metabolism of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and alcohols are primarily from the B vitamin complex, specifically B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), and B3 (niacin).

B1 (thiamine) plays a crucial role in converting carbohydrates into energy, serving as a coenzyme in the metabolism of sugars and amino acids. B2 (riboflavin) is involved in the electron transport chain, helping to produce ATP, the energy currency of cells, and is vital for the metabolism of fats and proteins. B3 (niacin) also plays a critical role in energy production and the metabolism of macronutrients; it assists in the functioning of coenzymes that convert food into energy, as well as in the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol.

In contrast, the other options include vitamins that play significant roles in other biological processes but do not directly contribute to the broad spectrum of energy metabolism in the same way that the vitamins in the correct answer do. Vitamins D, E, and K are primarily involved in functions such as bone health, antioxidant activity, and blood clotting, while vitamin A is related to vision and immune function, and vitamin C serves primarily as an