Which substance is known as Adenosine Triphosphate?

Adenosine Triphosphate, commonly abbreviated as ATP, is the correct identification for this substance. ATP is a nucleotide that plays a vital role in cellular energy transfer. It consists of three phosphate groups, a ribose sugar, and adenine. The structure enables ATP to store potential energy in its high-energy phosphate bonds, particularly between the second and third phosphate groups. When cells need energy for various processes, ATP can be broken down through hydrolysis, releasing energy and converting it into Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate. This ability to release energy quickly makes ATP a crucial molecule for biological processes, contributing to functions such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and biosynthesis.

AMP (Adenosine Monophosphate) is a simpler form with only one phosphate group and does not serve the same energy transport role as ATP. ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) is the product that results when ATP loses one phosphate group, while GTP (Guanosine Triphosphate) is another nucleotide that also serves energy transfer functions but is distinct from ATP. Each of these molecules plays its own roles in cellular metabolism and energy dynamics.